Claudius Ptolemy was a mathematician, astronomer and geographer who worked in Alexandria, then a part of the Roman Empire, in the 2nd century AD. One of the most learned and influential men of his time, his theories dominated both astronomy and geography for nearly 1500 years. His writings were kept alive by Arabic scholars during the Middle Ages and reemerged in Europe during the Renaissance. The birth of printing led to wide dissemination of his great works on astronomy and geography. There were a number of editions of his Geographia beginning in 1477. These early editions contained maps based on his original writings, known as Ptolemaic maps. As geographic knowledge increased with the explorations of Columbus, Magellan, Cabot and others, maps of the New World were added, and maps of the Old World were revised. Ptolemy's Geographia continued to be revised and published by some of the most important cartographers including Martin Waldseemuller, Sebastian Munster, Giacomo Gastaldi, Jodocus Hondius, and Gerard Mercator (whose last edition was published in 1730).

This map of ancient Germania is in the typical Ptolemaic style, set within a trapezoidal frame with rope-like mountain ranges. Denmark is misshapen and the island of Gotland is placed too far west. The map is filled with ancient place names and features depictions of several animals, including bison, a long-horned bull, a moose, and a nocturnal bird associated with vampire legends. Italian text on verso.

References: Mickwitz & Miekkavaara #216-11.

Condition: B+

Light toning along the centerfold with some minor foxing mostly in the margins.